The Enslavement, Brainwashing and Dehumanizing of Native Americans at the Hands of Christian Terrorists A Comparison of the Atrocities of European Christians and the Mexica Written by Xiuhcoatl of Aztlan Rising Introduction Most Mexicans, Central & South Americans embrace the supposedly upright Christian “faith” known as Catholicism. Many Chicanos believe that being Catholic is as much a part of their heritage as any other characteristic of their being. Although to a lesser extent than those of Meso-America, many Native Americans in the United States and areas above are now a part of the terrorist religions that enslaved our people. They buy into the lies that are fed to us by the governments of Ixachilan from the Alaska to Argentina…the lies that tell us that the natives welcomed European religion into our lives; that the indigenous people embraced the ideals of Christianity; that we voluntarily allowed our religion and culture to be destroyed and replaced with that of our oppressors. This could not be any further from the truth. Europeans claimed that our religions were that of savages. They dehumanized our people because of our religious practices when in fact they have committed far worse crimes in the name of Christ than any Native American group ever has.
Dehumanizing our People The Christian invaders labeled our religions pagan, our people savages, and our civilizations primitive, knowing quite the opposite to be true. They judged our customs without even knowing their true meaning. The bulk of the sacrifice that the natives of Ixachilan practiced was in blood-letting. The religious leaders, royal family and peasants would sacrifice blood to the divine powers to harmonize themselves with the cosmos. Amerindian Human Sacrifice
The practice of human sacrifice amongst the Mexica (Aztecs) and other groups of Ixachilan makes European wars seem barbaric (which they are). Native American war did not stem from greed, as European wars did (and do). The main objective was not to murder the enemy in battle. It was to corner the enemy and force him into submission. An Aztec warrior gained no respect or higher status from killing on the battlefield. Their effectiveness was determined based on the number of soldiers they captured in battle. The captive soldiers were executed in a ceremony. It is no different than putting a war criminal to death, and more humane than the atrocities committed by the American government on a daily basis. The braver the captured warrior was, the more satisfied the Nahua teotls were. Instead of becoming a dead body on the battlefield, being sacrificed gave their life a purpose. Aside from the refined poetic nature of Nahuatl sacrifice, how does it differ from the modern Crusade against Iraq and criminal executions in the state of Texas?  There are no reliable eye-witnesses of human sacrifice in the Americas. There are only interpretations of art and literature. If we were to examine art, comic books, and television shows in the United States, the conclusions we would draw would be far worse than what ignorant historians claim the Pre-Columbian civilizations did. The Duran Codex, which depicts human sacrifices by the Aztecs, was written by Spaniards, not the Native Americans. If the numbers presented by Cortes were not exaggerated, which they most likely were, then we can say that, only for the sake of argument, the Aztecs sacrificed "three or four thousand souls" every year. Between 1530 and 1630 the English, with a population of around 3 million, executed about 75,000 people, not including war casualties. Their population was around one tenth that of the Mexica nation. If England had as many inhabitants as the Aztec empire did in 1519, it can be estimated that they probably would have executed around 7,500 people annually, twice as many people as the "bloodthirsty" Aztecs. In France and Spain even more people were sacrificed during this same period. (Mann 130-131) The only "skull rack" found is made of stone. Skull racks were used to display the skulls of criminals who were executed because they could not follow the laws of society, just as they are still executed in this country to this very day. The racist idea that Mexica human sacrifice differed from that of Europeans because it was tied to religion is a falsehood. European sacrifices were also deeply rooted in Christianity and the divine supremacy of the king. And the manner in which Europeans went about murdering their people was far more savage than the Mexica practice. People were beheaded, heretics burned alive, hearts were torn from bodies and decapitated heads were impaled on spikes. Huge crowds gathered to watch people be executed. They considered it free entertainment. Europeans hung bodies alongside highways and impaled them on city walls to remind the people of what may happen to them if they should get out of line. It served the same purpose as the Aztec skull rack but was far more crude. If you find the Mexica skull rack "shocking," I can only imagine what you think about the Church of Bones located in Sedlec (Europe). European Church of Human Bones  Coat of Arms in the European Church of Bones
The Church of Bones is a grotesque structure filled with the bones of over 40,000 dead soldiers and victims of the plague. Not only did these animals pile dead bodies in their church, they went so far as to create works of art from their remains. What ever happened to resting in peace? If this church was found in Ixachilan it would be considered obvious proof of human sacrifice, cannibalism, prolonged warfare, and any other claim racist Europeans could fabricate. For more information and images of the Kostnice Ossuary, please visit Slacker Travel or Art Graphica.
Ritualistic Human Sacrifice by Non-Indians There are many accounts of ritualistic human sacrifice by "highly-civilized” cultures: The Romans The Romans placed men in an arena and watched them slaughter one another for entertainment purposes. Criminals in the Roman Empire were sacrificed to the gods for their wrongdoings. Prisoners of war and vestal virgins were buried alive as offerings to Mane and Dil Inferni. They also practiced animal sacrifice on a grand scale. In more recent history, the Spanish Inquisition sacrificed millions of lives. Green, Miranda Aldhouse. Dying for the Gods. Trafalgar Square. September 1, 2001. Other Caucasians The Germanics were well-known for mass human sacrifice of fellow tribes people (men, women and children). Celts, who worshipped the Norse gods, were well-known for sacrificing innocent human beings. According to Julius Caesar, the Gauls built wicker figures, filled them with human bodies, and set them on fire. They hanged, drowned, immolated, and murdered by several methods according to the God they were trying to please. Vikings hanged men to satisfy Odin. Norse men were sometimes buried with slave women, who were supposed to become their wives in the afterlife. Ancient Greeks sacrificed maidens for Artemis. Green, Miranda Aldhouse. Dying for the Gods. Trafalgar Square. September 1, 2001. Angle-Saxon Sacrifice and Dance Along with these references to sacrifice, there are many more instances where festivals were held to honour a certain god or goddess, that more than likely, also included the use of animal sacrifice.There is also evidence that the use of human sacrifice was at one time performed, and people have suggested that some of the bodies excavated at the Sutton Hoo ship burial may have been the victims of human sacrifice. But we do know that at one time the Germanic people did practice human sacrifice, as we have the testimony of the Roman historian Tacitus who describes the custom of drowning people at the end of the Nerthus procession. There was also the practice of sacrifice before and after battle that was recorded amongst Germanic tribes on the continent, so it seems likely that at one time a form of human sacrifice may have taken place amongst the Anglo-Saxons. On Choosing a Human Sacrifice By Polaris Because the study of sacrifice is an extremely complex one, even within a given culture, I will limit myself to discussions of the two kinds of sacrifice most in question right now -- animal and human. I will concentrate on the forms of sacrifice as practiced by the pre Christian Germanic peoples from the most ancient times to 600-1100 CE, depending on the region in question... ...Another form of sacrifice was the giving of a human being. Generally only two gods, Tyr and Odhinn seemed to have been the recipients of human sacrifice -- these were the two most sovereign gods. Tyr is the god of law and justice, while Odhinn is the god of magic, death and wisdom. But far from sacrificing the finest the tribes had to offer, the only persons subjected to being victims of sacrifice were criminals and prisoners of war. The Germanic peoples were notorious for taking no prisoners in war. The religious reason for this is that to them war could be a sacred ritual in which all those on the other side would be dedicated to the gods (Tyr and Odhinn) as ritual sacrifices even before the battle began. So any prisoners captured would simply have to be taken to the groves sacred to the gods to be more ceremonially dispatched. Criminals were also often made the victims of human sacrifice. The rationale behind this is that the criminal has violated the natural balance of the cosmos by his actions, and as such forfeits his life to rebalance the wrong. Both the military enemy and the criminal are really considered in the same category -- as breakers of the peace -- who must repay the wronged god or goddess with their lives. One other kind of human sacrifice, more seldom encountered for obvious reasons, is the sacrifice of the king. If things were to go especially bad for a kingdom, for example the crops failed repeatedly, or the frontiers were continually unsafe from invasion, the semi-divine king, who was known to some of the Germanic as well as other Indo-European groups, would more or less voluntarily offer himself as a victim of sacrifice in order to rebalance the cosmic order in favor of his people. Sacrifice to Bloodthirsty God Odin A possible example of Odinic sacrifice is Tollund Man. Archaeological evidence for this practice might consist of bodies perfectly preserved by the acid of the Jutland (later taken over by Danish people) peatbogs into which they were cast after having been strangled. | Others The great Egyptian civilization sacrificed human beings to their gods. Phoenicians and Carthaginians sacrificed infants to their gods. Green, Miranda Aldhouse. Dying for the Gods. Trafalgar Square. September 1, 2001. Hypocrites
Despite the vast amount of evidence that establishes the validity of these claims, historians believe the proof is suspect, because much of it comes from the “Holy” Roman Empire. On a similar note, they openly accept the unsubstantiated fabrications of Spanish hypocrites who profess that the natives of Ixachilan practiced religious human sacrifice and cannibalism in an attempt to demonize the culture so that their aggression would be warranted in Europe and justified in history. This is not only highly offensive, but brazenly racist. American and European Witch Hunts The early English settlers engaged in ritualistic human sacrifice. The Salem Witch Hunt & Trials brought the death of 19 innocent individuals:  An Account of Events in Salem by Douglas Linder (last update: 6/2002) From June through September of 1692, nineteen men and women, all having been convicted of witchcraft, were carted to Gallows Hill, a barren slope near Salem Village, for hanging. Another man of over eighty years was pressed to death under heavy stones for refusing to submit to a trial on witchcraft charges. Hundreds of others faced accusations of witchcraft; dozens languished in jail for months without trials until the hysteria that swept through Puritan Massachusetts subsided. The Dead Nineteen accused witches were hanged on Gallows Hill in 1692: June 10: Bridget Bishop July 19: Rebecca Nurse, Sarah Good, Susannah Martin, Elizabeth Howe, Sarah Wildes August 19: George Burroughs, Martha Carrier, John Willard, George Jacobs, Sr., John Proctor September 22: Martha Corey, Mary Eastey, Ann Pudeator, Alice Parker, Mary Parker, Wilmott Redd, Margaret Scott, Samuel Wardwell One accused witch (or wizard, as male witches were often called) was pressed to death on September 19 when he failed to plead guilty or not guilty: Giles Corey Other accused witches died in prison: Sarah Osborn Roger Toothaker Lyndia Dustin Ann Foster (As many as thirteen** others may have died in prison.) **sources conflict as to the exact number of prison deaths | Even though the numbers seem staggering, this is nothing compared to their relatives who still resided in Europe. Between 1450 and 1750 tens of thousands of innocent people were sacrificed to the Christian God throughout Europe. Over 75% of the victims were women. Case Study: The European Witch-Hunts, c. 1450-1750 and Witch-Hunts Today Summary For three centuries of early modern European history, diverse societies were consumed by a panic over alleged witches in their midst. Witch-hunts, especially in Central Europe, resulted in the trial, torture, and execution of tens of thousands of victims, about three-quarters of whom were women. Arguably, neither before nor since have adult European women been selectively targeted for such largescale atrocities. | Amerindian Cannibalism? There is so little proof of cannibalism in Indian civilizations that there is nothing to write in this section. The Mexica (Aztecs) were not cannibalistic. This was an unsubstantiated creation of the Spanish invaders who were attempting to demonize the native people. It was obviously a success, because even today the image of the "bloodthirsty, cannibalistic Aztec" is portrayed rather than an intelligent, highly-civilized Aztec. European Cannibalism
The savages who took part in the first Crusade, which occured around 1098, were cannibalistic. These "warriors of God" fed on the carcasses of their deceased enemies. The Crusaders were very cruel and inhumane.
Europeans are known to have actively engaged in cannibalism into the 14th century. During the Great Famine of 1315-1317 the European state, church, and society were hit hard by environmental and economic conditions. Crime increased to extreme levels and disease spread throughout the land. Bloodthirsty Europeans would murder their own children for sustenance or because they were unable to support them. Europeans consumed human bodies, including those of their own infant babies, and now they degrade Native Americans with absolutely no proof in support of their theory of mass Indian cannibalism. Proof of European cannibalism during the 1300's is only disputed by ashamed Europeans who do not want to admit to the sins of their ancestors. "However, perhaps it says more about modern values, which attribute cannibalism to 'the other,' than about the realities of one's ancestors doing whatever it took to survive victor" (Wikipedia). When Europeans came to Ixachilan, they were "appalled" by the way that indigenous tribes treated their enemies during times of war. But Europeans were far more brutal than Native Americans. | In the Dutch rampjaar (disaster year) of 1672, when France and England during the Franco-Dutch War / Third Anglo-Dutch War attacked the Republic, Johan de Witt (a significant Dutch political figure) was killed by a shot in the neck; his naked body was hanged and mutilated and the heart was carved out to be exhibited. His brother was shot, stabbed, eviscerated alive, hanged naked, brained and partly eaten. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannibalism |
During the World War II Europeans engaged in widespread cannibalism. At the siege of Leningrad many people ate other human beings in order to survive. Visit the following link for more info on the event. http://www.eathufu.com/cannibalism.asp?id=21 The Hidden Truth About European Christian Cannibalism
Given the vast amount of evidence depicting European cannibalism, one can only wonder why American society does not have the same image of Europeans as they do of ancient Mexicans. There is far more proof of European cannibalism than that of indigenous cannibalism. Eurocentric history does not allow these facts to reach the mainstream where it would then be shown that European Christians have committed acts that were far more savage than those of indigenous people.
Christian/European Terrorists in Modern Times  Christian populations are responsible for more deaths than every other religious group of the world combined. The Crusades' terrorist war against the Muslim world brought the death of over 9 million people. The Spanish Catholics and Anglo Christians sacrificed over 95% of the indigenous population of North & South America, which numbered over 100 million prior to the European invasion. They forced their culture and religion on the natives. Because they were unable to break the spirit of the natives in many locations and condemn them to slavery, Africans were brought to this land as slaves. Millions died from curable diseases, famine, overworking, and others were murdered (lynching the preferred method). This nation sacrifices many men every year in the prison system by means of execution. Image of the Nightmare that was the Crusades The Crusades All these bands, which together are said to have amounted to three hundred thousand men, women, and children, were composed of the vilest rascality of Europe. Without discipline, principle, or true courage, they rushed through the nations like a pestilence, spreading terror and death wherever they went. Mackay, Charles, Extraordinary Popular Delusions And The Madness Of Crowds, Chapter 14. | George W. Bush's New Crusade Against Islam
 In the last several years, George W. Bush has maintained a new crusade against Muslims. So far almost 1 million are dead and millions have been injured. The majority of "American casualties" are of Mexican descent. He has even go so far as to recruit soldiers in Tijuana Mexico, to fight his "holy war." These soldiers are not recognized by the Army and are not included on casualty lists. The governments like to pretend that their attacks are "calculated," but they are as unexact as George Dubya Bush's pronunciation of the word "NUCLEAR." He promises he will do much more since he was re-elected (or more accurately he stole the election again). George W. Bush Quotes (The New Crusade) "God told me to strike at al Qaida and I struck them, and then he instructed me to strike at Saddam, which I did, and now I am determined to solve the problem in the Middle East. If you help me I will act, and if not, the elections will come and I will have to focus on them." -- George W. Bush, according to Palestinian Prime Minister Mahmoud Abbas, from minutes acquired by Haaretz from cease-fire negotiations between Abbas and faction leaders from the Hamas, Islamic Jihad and the Popular and Democratic Fronts (circa June, 2003), quoted from Arnon Regular, "'Road map is a life saver for us,' PM Abbas tells Hamas" (Haaretz.com:June 27, 2003), quoted from EvilOz (The Iterative Record) "This crusade, this war on terrorism is going to take a while." -- George W. Bush, using a loaded term which recalls the Christians' Medieval wars against Muslims in the so-called Holy Land, after stepping off the presidential helicopter on Sunday, September 16, 2001, quoted from Jonathan Lyons, "Bush enters Mideast's rhetorical minefield " (Reuters: September 21, 2001). Bush later apologized for this remark. "Tyrants and dictators will accept no other gods before them. They require disobedience to the First Commandment. They seek absolute control and are threatened by faith in God. They fear only the power they cannot possess -- the power of truth. So they resent the living example of the devout, especially the devotion of a unique people chosen by God." -- George W. Bush, blaming the Holocaust on godlessness, rather than on Christian anti-Semitism of Martin Luther, St. Paul, and the Jesus of Matthew's and John's Gospels, and ignoring the fact that Adolf Hitler repeatedly called himself a Christian, pretended to be obeying Christ, and cannot be shown to have been an atheist, at the National Commemoration of the Days of Remembrance at the U.S. Capitol on April 19, 2001, quoted from Freedom From Religion Foundation, "Bush's Holocaust Remarks Distort History, Scapegoat Freethinkers" April 25, 2001 |
Sacrifice in the Bible  When Isaac became a young boy, God spoke to Abraham and commanded him to take his son to Mount Moriah and offer him as a sacrifice to God. This was God’s test of Abraham’s faith. Abraham loved his son very much, but did not hesitate to follow God’s words for he was a man whose faith in God was strong. As Abraham and his son reached the place where the sacrifice was to be performed, Isaac said to his father, “Father, where is the lamb that is to be sacrificed?” Abraham replied, “My son, God will provide the lamb”. It is not known how eventually Abraham told his son that he was to be the sacrifice, but Isaac courageously laid on the sacrificial place ready to be sacrificed for god. As Abraham was taking out his knife, his hands were trembling. He was about to sacrifice his son when heard the voice of God saying, “Abraham, Stop! Do not hurt your son. You have proven your faith and shown how much you love Me by willing to sacrifice your son for Me. Therefore, I shall bless you and your family, and through you, I shall bless all the nations on earth”. God also provided a lamb for the sacrifice. Abraham went home along with his son, and their hearts full of love and faith. If God was so righteous then why would he bring such pain to one of his own children? Does not the "bible" teach us not to lie? The sixth "Holy" commandment is "Thou Shalt Not Kill." Why is Abraham praised for attempting to murder his own son rather than punished by a God who does not tolerate murderers (or liars)? I guess murder and lies are only acceptable when they are in the name of God...the CHRISTIAN GOD. This would explain a lot of things. In addition, it must be noted that Abraham and his son, Isaac, sacrificed a lamb to their bloodthirsty God.
Imposing European Culture on the Indians  The physical defeat and enslavement of the Amerindians was not enough to satisfy the insatiable Christian/Catholic hunger for cruelty. With tens of millions massacred and millions direly ill, the Europeans waged a new form of war. This war did not threaten to steal their land (which they had already stolen) or impose taxes on the populace. This war was an attempt to completely annihilate Native American culture and crush their undying spirit – this was genocide in its most awful form – this is the American Holocaust. The image located to the left is from the Mexica Movement. Christianizing of Native Americans The "Christianizing" of the Native Americans is particularly atrocious, especially when you consider that once this was "accomplished," the natives were essentially enslaved to help the Europeans in their insatiable quest to rape the countryside of whatever wealth was there. The truth is not a pretty picture and no amount of Christian European arrogance is going to change that. For that matter, once the Native Americans were subjugated, the Europeans threw open the doors of America and imported countless thousands of other Europeans, Asians and Africans to be exploited by the Robber Barons, the truest exploiters of America and the West. |  The strategy differed from location to location. In what is now Mexico and Central America, the Spaniards demanded that all the texts of the Mayans and Mexica be destroyed, because they were contaminated with the work of the Devil. Their literature was reduced to ashes by the Catholic Church out of sheer jealousy. At this time the Mexica had the greatest library in the world, with more books of more subjects than any other in the world. (Soustelle) Spanish "religious" leaders, particularly Zumarraga, sacrificed the Native American religious leaders, thinkers and teachers to the Catholic Gods. The trespassers imposed laws on the people restricting the practice of indigenous religions and forced Catholicism on the masses. The Amerindians were punished severely when they spoke their native tongue. They were disciplined even worse if they so much as mentioned the indigenous theologies. The image located to the left is from the Mexica Movement. Forced Conversion of Pueblo Indians of New Mexico The Americas provided an ideal venue as it housed millions of “pagan” natives, supposedly ready and waiting for Catholic salvation. The Pueblo Indians of New Mexico were one of the Spaniards’ targets for conversion. The Spanish began the conversion of the native immediately following conquest; they subdued the Indians with “a sword in one hand and a bible in the other.” They employed many methods to convert the natives, but a vast number of Indians converted not because of true piety or direct force exerted by the Spanish. Most converted to simply survive in the new environment that the Spanish had created. The Pueblos of New Mexico converted to Catholicism primarily out of necessity, not because of genuine religious devotion or from Spanish military might… Native insubordination was overcome with Spanish brutality that included being burnt at the stake or shot. Genuine campaigns of conquest did not occur until both 1598 and 1599 by Juan de Onate of Zacatecas with a force that included four hundred men and ten Franciscans. They quickly organized forms of government in the region that included a priest in each district to control the Indians. The Spanish altered and virtually destroyed the Pueblo’s way of life. Abuses towards the Indians continued after Juan de Onate; on January twenty-fourth, 1599, the residents of the cliff village of Acoma were massacred after a Spanish detachment was slain in that locale… Most missionaries did not know the native language, which resulted in miscommunication between the Spanish and the Indians. Due to the lack of communication, the Indians did not fully understand or accept the basic tenets of Christianity until the missionaries finally learned their language or, more likely, the natives learned Spanish. Baptism was considered enough to temporarily save a native’s soul, even if the “converted” Indian had little or no understanding of Christianity. The natives’ temporary salvation through baptism was conditional; the natives were to understand that the “padre” through the Sacrament of Penance ultimately decided whether the Indians would enter heaven or purgatory. This blackmail gave a considerable amount of influence to the padres over their neophytes. By 1617, there were eleven Franciscan churches in New Mexico and fourteen thousand Indians had been baptized. These figures expanded even further as the Spanish gained more influence through military force and with the efforts of the missionaries to forty-three churches and thirty-four thousand natives baptized in 1627… The brutality that the Spanish displayed when collecting tribute from the Indians was especially callous and unfeeling, as mentioned by the Spaniard Fray Lope Izquierdo in 1601: ‘Our men, with little consideration, took blankets away from the Indian women, leaving them naked and shivering with cold. Finding themselves naked and miserable, they embraced their children tightly in their arms to protect them, without making any resistance to the offenses done to them, for they are a humble people, and in virtue and morality the best behaved thus far discovered.’ (Ibid pg. 59) The Pueblo Indians of New Mexico faced the decision to either convert to Christianity, or subject themselves to hunger, the elements, and the threat of other hostile native groups. Their choice to convert to Roman Catholicism originated from despair and necessity, not from sincere religious devotion or even directly due to Spanish military force. Evidence that the Pueblos were not true Christian converts culminated in 1680 with the Pueblo War of Independence. The Indians revolted against the oppressive missionaries that had stifled their religious practices, seized their food, demanded their labor, and abused Indian women. The Pueblo population had also plummeted drastically due to the diseases brought by the Spanish. The Pueblos placed the blame on the Spanish for their hardships, who had ended the natives’ religious ceremonies that the Pueblo believed kept the world in balance. Pueblo Indian Neophytes during Early Spanish Rule in New Mexico by Amanda Zeddy If the Puebloans felt threatened by Spanish firepower and humiliated by Spanish colonial demands, many – especially the traditionalists – felt enraged by the missionary friars’ move to introduce Catholicism and abolish ancient religious beliefs. "As harsh and humiliating as the systems of forced work and payment were," said Sando, "the continual religious persecution during the years from about 1598 to 1680 was even more galling to the Indian people?" Driven by the priests, Puebloan communities built ostentatious mission churches. They farmed land and raised livestock for the profit of priests, according to Simmons. They saw their own traditional ceremonial chambers – kivas – filled with sand or torched; their sacred masks, prayer sticks, emblems and images confiscated and burned; and their most important religious ceremonies banned at the hands of the clergy, said Silverberg. The Puebloans regarded these acts as sacrilege; the friars regarded them as God’s mandate. The Indians endured the indignation of having a priest shear their hair for minor offenses. In 1655, the Hopis, said Simmons, reported that one of their friars had first whipped and Indian then burned him alive for practicing idolatry. A few years later, the Taos Pueblo reported that a friar had bludgeoned to death a woman who had not followed his directions to spin cotton. | A common practice throughout the “Americas,” including what is now the United States, Mexico & Central America, was the forced indoctrination of children at an age when they are most susceptible to ideas. The invaders removed children from their homes and obligated them to learn the European language(s), religion(s) and customs. They were forced to cut their hair and dress in European clothing. The children were punished with beatings if they so much as uttered a word in their own language. The Virgin of Guadalupe & Juan Diego
Perhaps the most prevalent symbol of pride for natives (full and mixed) from Anahuac is the “Indigenous” Virgen de Guadalupe. The Virgin of Guadalupe is actually a symbol from Europe, not Mexico. It was of Islamic origin, but the Spaniards found it as they expelled the Moors from their land, and considered this dark-skinned virgin a sign from God. The invading forces of Cortes brought the flag of the Virgin of Guadalupe with them as they conquered the indigenous civilizations. The entire history of the Virgin of Guadalupe in Ixachilan is one gigantic fraud. For more info on the Myth of the Virgin of Guadalupe please click here. According to legend, Juan Diego, a native Mexican, had a vision of the Virgen at Tepeyac, or so they have taught us. Images of Juan Diego clearly depict a Spaniard, not a native or mixed person. Juan Diego, assuming that he existed, was a puppet of the Spanish Catholic Church who was sent to witness the phony coming of the Virgin Mary. With this one act of treachery by the Catholic Church they were able to persuade millions of Natives to follow their immoral religion: Virgin of Guadalupe According to Christian legend, an image of the Virgin Mary appeared as a "sign" in 1531 to a skeptical bishop on the cape of a peasant named Juan Diego so as to convince him to build a shrine to her. Approximately ten million people visit this image every year. There is no actual evidence of a miraculous origin for the image on the cloth, but there are signs of fraud and human origins. There are standard artistic motifs, evidence of underdrawing, pigments, cracking and flaking, and more. The image was, however, very helpful in the conversion of the Aztecs of the region, which is the likely reason why it was created and promoted in the first place. The bishop in question, Bishop Zumarraga, not only never mentioned it but in fact spoke out against the continued existence of miracles in the world, writing that "The Redeemer of the world doesn't want any more miracles, because they are no longer necessary." Although the image was supposed to have appeared in 1531, the first recorded mentions of it don't appear until 1555 at the earliest. In 1556, Francisco de Bustamante wrote "The devotion that has been growing in a chapel dedicated to Our Lade, called of Gaudalupe, in this city is greatly harmful for the natives, because it makes them believe that the image painted by Marcos the Indian is in any way miraculous." Francisco de Bustamante was the head of the Franciscans in that region of Mexico. In 1569, viceroy Martin Enriquez denounced the cult around the Virgin of Guadalupe as worship of the Aztec goddess Tonantzin in disguise. It isn't even clear that Juan Deigo himself (who isn't mentioned in any of the stories until 1648) existed. In the 19th century, historian Joaquin Garcia Icazbalceta headed an inquest called by Bishop Labastida of Mexico City; Icazbalceta concluded in a confidential report that Diego may not have existed. After Diego was made a saint in July, 2002, Miguel Olimon launched another investigation. Olimon was a priest and historian at the Pontifical University of Mexico, but he also found that Juan Diego probably never existed - and he was censored for that. The Virgin of Guadalupe has been proclaimed as the patron of all of the Americas and, in 1988, her liturgical celebration was raised to the status of a feast for all diocese in the United States. As a figure, she is especially important for Latino Catholics because it represents a visit by the Mother of God to a poor peasant in a land of people otherwise oppressed by colonizers. She is, perhaps, their primary religious symbol and therefore of incredible significance - not only religiously, but also culturally and ethnically. Increasing the status of the Virgin in Latin America and in the Western Hemisphere occurs alongside a general increase in the status of Mary in the Catholic Church as a whole. The basilica built in honor of the Virigin of Guadalupe today attracts over 10 million visitors per year, making it the most visited Catholic church in the world after the Vatican. Juan Diego Didn't Exist 'Convenient tool' According to critics, the whole story is a pious fiction - and Juan Diego never existed. According to this theory, he was a convenient tool in the Spanish battle to win over indigenous Indians to Catholicism, by fair means or foul. Some will view the canonization of Juan Diego in the same light - as part of the Catholic Church's counter-attack against the inroads made by Protestant evangelicals over the past couple of decades, especially among native Mexican Indians. Some of the images of Juan Diego on sale in Mexico show him as bearded, tall, thin - and pale-skinned: every inch the conquering Spaniard rather than the native Mexican. | Yet another possibility is that Juan Diego was truly an indigenous man who witnessed the great Tonantzin returning to remind her children that she would never forget about them, and that she would always be there to protect them. The Spaniards then seized this golden opportunity to convert the Mexicans by creating the myth of the dark-skinned Virgin of Guadalupe. For more on Tonantzin and the Virgin, please click here. The Virgen signifies not only a complete change in religious practices that have been developed over thousands of years, but a transformation of the basic social structure of the native people. Prior to the Spanish invasion women were respected and adored. The Spaniards brought their uninvited machismo with them and incorporated it into indigenous society. The Virgin of Guadalupe is not given the same respect as Jesus Christ; she is his subordinate. Unlike Tonantzin, who many claim this imposter to be, she has none of the commanding attributes that made Tonantzin so potent. The Virgen symbolized the social status that was to be imposed on the indigenous women in all future dealings: La Virgen de Guadalupe's Impact on Indigenous Women The characteristics of any of the Christian Virgins, whatever their names or titles might be, would include the following: purity, as in freedom from all sin, role as mother of Christ and of all Christians, dignity as Queen of Heaven and Earth, Helper of the sick, Mother of good counsel, Comforter of the afflicted, Queen of Peace. Moreover, it is through her, not to her, that humans pray since love and honor paid to Mary are always an expression of thanksgiving and adoration to her son. The Virgin of Guadalupe, then, is a unilateral figure representation of those values considered positive by European cultures. What becomes clear upon examining these characteristics is that those traits of the Nahuatl deity not acceptable to the Church were dropped: they were considered inappropriate to the virtuous symbolism of a Catholic virgin, mother of God. Because the Catholic Church was a system heavily promoting the all-knowing, all-encompassing power of God the Father, it was necessary to negate the powerful characteristics of Tonantzin (Coatlique) in her attributes of her judgings, creating and destroying. She was independent, wrathful, competent; her power to create and destroy was autonomous, as was that of most of the Nahuatl deities; it was power not emanating solely from a central male figure. Rebolledo, Tey D. and Eliana S. Rivero, Infinite Divisions, pg 189-190. University of Arizona Press, 1993. | To consider the imaginary virgin who brought in a new era of destruction, a Christian one, to be Tonantzin is disrespectful to the Nahua people and to all Native Americans. Tonantzin was powerful and deadly. The Virgen de Guadalupe is a slave of the MAN-made Christian religion, which according to the "word of God," will not even allow women to speak in church: Woman Cannot Speak in Church & Must be Submissiveaccording to the "Word of God" "As in all the congregations of the saints, women should remain silent in the churches. They are not allowed to speak, but must be in submission, as the Law says. If they want to inquire about something, they should ask their own husbands at home; for it is disgraceful for a woman to speak in the church." Corinthians 14:33-35, NIV "A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to have authority over a man; she must be silent." NIV, 1 Timothy 2:11-12 | EXCLUSIVE Christian Land Rights English invaders flocked into Native American territory in hopes of exploiting the land and the people for economic gain. Under their own fabricated laws only Christians were entitled to land ownership. This allowed them to steal the Native Americans’ land with no remorse. These thieves claimed that animals are considered occupants, as were the Native Americans, who were nothing more than savages: Christian Land Rights -- Natives No Rights “The slaughter of Native Americans that then commenced was chronicled by Father Bartholomé de las Casas, in his Destruction of the Indies, and other works. Entire peoples were exterminated; literally millions were slain in conquests of Peru, Mexico and so on. Many who were not butchered by the sword died of appalling epidemics. All of this rapidly grew into the "Black Legend" of Spanish and Portugese atrocities, and was made much of in British propaganda, cheap editions of Las Casas, including gruesome illustrations, were widely distributed. From a legal standpoint, these Papal documents were important because they fit into a theory of the fight of Discovery. A distinction was made between Discovery and Occupancy, as if these lands had been inhabited by wild animals instead of human beings. That is, a bear or a lion might be said to occupy or live in a territory, but did not and could not have title to it. That indigenous tribes occupied territory could not be denied, but they had no rights, which could be authorized only by papal authority. This legal background is discussed at considerable length in Steven Newcomb's recent essay, "The Evidence of Christian Nationalism in Federal Indian Law: The Doctrine of Discovery, Johnson v. McIntosh, and Plenary Power," in the New York University Review of Law & Social Change (Vol. 20,1993, No. 2). "This Article," Newcomb writes, "brings to the forefront an issue that has not been articulated previously: should the United States continue to assert a plenary dominion over Indians and an underlying vested property right in Indian lands based on the historical fact that Indian peoples were not Christians at the time of European arrival? Should Indian nations and people be denied under United States Law their rights to 'complete sovereignty' and an exclusive right of territory in their lands on the basis of Christianity?" As Newcomb summarizes it, "Johnson v. McIntosh dealt with the validity of a grant of land made by the Chiefs of the Illinois and Piankeshaw Nations to private colonial individuals. The ruling, long acknowledged to have been based on the discovery doctrine, served as the conduit to place into United States law the concept of Christian discovery and dominion. Chief Justice Marshall introduced these concepts in an opaque fashion, carefully avoiding any explicit acknowledgment of the religious basis of the ruling. As a result, most jurists, legal scholirs, and federal Indian law practitioners have overlooked the religious underpinnings of the Johnson decision." Newcomb proceeds to give a brilliant review of the entire context of competing national interests regarding "new" territories in the early modem period. Among Catholic sovereigns, the Pope could mediate disputes, but what would happen with the rise of the new Protestant powers, who did not acknowledge his authority? In his review of the legal background of imperial expansion, Marshall noted: "On the discovery of this immense continent, the great nations of Europe were eager to appropriate it to themselves so much of it as they could respectively acquire. Its vast extent offered an ample field to the ambition and enterprise of all; and the character and religion of its inhabitants afforded an apology for considering them as a people over whom the superior genius of Europe might claim an ascendency." Marshall then cited British King Henry VII's commissions to the Cabots in 1496, "to discover countries then unknown to Christian people, and to take possession of them in the name of the King of England." The formula authorizing dominion over the heathen was repeated in subsequent British charters, cited by Marshall, who concluded that the authority of the federal government had to take precedence over Indian territorial rights.” Whitehead, Fred. New Studies by Native American Scholar Document the Role of Christianity in Historic Oppression. Freethought History. #9/1994. ISSN# 10717269 | The wounds of the invasion run deep inside of us. We must learn to reject the European religions so that we can free ourselves mentally before we free ourselves physically. We must go back to before the Europeanization, when women were respected, before the Spaniards infected us with their Catholicism and machismo. We must not allow Europeans to demonize our people by using words like "bloodthirsty" and "savage" when in reality they have committed worse crimes against humanity than any other group in the history of the world. |